Kategori Digilib
WHO Technical Note for Emergencies 14: Technical Options for excreta disposal in emergencies
Bob Reed
UK, Water, Engineering and Development Centre Loughborough University (WEDC), 2009, 4 hal
Th. 2009
363.728 REE w
leaflet, technical notes – WHO, solid waste, excreta disposal in emergencies, technical steps
Perpustakaan AMPL, Telp.021-31904113, Digilib WEDC, http://wedc.lboro.ac.uk/
750 kali
Sanitation is the efficient disposal of excreta, urine, refuse, and sullage. Initially, indiscriminate defecation is usually the main health hazard in refugee camps.
This techical notes outlines ways in which excreta and urine can be managed during the early stages of an emergency, while long-term solutions are devised. (See Technical Note 7 for guidance on managing solid waste) The technical options for emergency excreta disposal are limited and simple. If they are to work, however, they must be properly managed and be understood and supported by the community.
Contents:
Immediate measures
Managing open defecation
Shallow family latrines
Shallow trench latrines
Deep trench latrines
Making use of existing facilities
Mobile latrine blocks
Borehole latrines
Packet and plastic bags
Chemical toilets
Overhung latrines
Raised latrines
Long-term solutions